Tag Archives: technology

Gen Z Entrepreneurship: Influencing or Innovating?

Posted on by
Reply

As we move deeper into the 21st century, Generation Z is emerging as a force to be reckoned with in the world of entrepreneurship. Born between the late 1990s and early 2010s, Gen Zers are redefining the future of work, balancing traditional jobs with side hustles, and actively building their own businesses.

The Rise of the Creator Economy

One of the key elements of Gen Z entrepreneurship is the rise of the creator economy. Influencers and content creators have become a dominant force, leveraging their online presence to build successful businesses. CBS News reports that 86% of young Americans aspire to become social media influencers, to as it offers earning potential far beyond traditional paths.

Kylie Jenner, for example, became the youngest self-made billionaire thanks to her successful beauty brand, Kylie Cosmetics. Gen Z entrepreneurs understand the importance of authenticity and have cultivated strong relationships with their audiences, providing them with a unique advantage when building businesses.

Gen Z’s affinity for the digital world is a driving force behind their success. They are digital natives who have grown up with social media, which allows them to easily navigate the online landscape. This has helped them build personal brands and monetize their influence through partnerships, sponsored content, and merchandise sales – The Social Standard and Go Daddy both share profiles of Gen Z entrepreneurs who have made it big as influencers and creators.

However, in my view, being an influencer alone is not enough to create real innovation. I believe the focus on personal branding and the rapid pace of content creation is limiting the depth of exploration into entrepreneurial ventures that address pressing global challenges.

What Sets Gen Z Apart?

Gen Z views entrepreneurship differently than past generations. For one thing, the entrepreneurial landscape has changed, with lower barriers to entry for starting a business, and different views on what is important. Business Insider discusses some of these differences, including:

  • Ease of Starting a Business: Thanks to accessible technology and platforms like Shopify, starting a business has never been easier. What once took months and significant capital to launch can now be accomplished in a matter of days.
  • Data-Driven Decision-Making: Gen Z entrepreneurs utilize data analysis tools to make informed decisions about their businesses. This helps them streamline operations and focus on the big picture.
  • Personal Branding: The concept of personal branding is a strategic necessity for many of this generation’s startups. Gen Zers understand the importance of building a strong personal brand to attract opportunities and partnerships.
  • Acceptance of Differences: Gen Z values inclusivity and diversity, which informs their approach to business and innovation.
  • Kinder, More Socially Responsible Entrepreneurs: Gen Z entrepreneurs are concerned about social issues, the environment, and helping their communities.

The Side Hustle becomes a Necessity

While Gen Z entrepreneurs have numerous advantages, they also face challenges. Many young people juggle multiple side hustles due to financial pressures and the desire for control over their time. This can lead to burnout and the need for balance.

In today’s economy, many Gen Zers feel that a side hustle is necessary for their generation to afford the lifestyle that their parents have attained. Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics shows that the number of people working multiple full-time jobs has trended up in recent years and hit an all-time high in August 2022, with Gen Z leading the way. A survey by Paychex found that about half of Gen Z are employed at two or more places, as compared with other generations.

Deloitte’s 2022 Gen Z and Millennial Survey found that a third of Gen Z respondents worry about the cost of living above all other concerns, 45% live paycheck-to-paycheck, and more than a quarter said they doubt they’ll retire comfortably. And a Freddie Mac survey found that about 34% of responding Gen Zers said they didn’t think they’d ever be able to afford to buy a house.

Often the side hustle becomes a main hustle, creating necessity-based entrepreneurs versus innovation-based entrepreneurs. In fact, McKinsey postulates that in this economy—in which Gen Z faces higher-than-average inflation, student debt, credit card debt, and high housing costs—Gen Zers are actually looking for nothing more than relatively stable paychecks (rather than chasing the side hustle).

Can Gen Z Change the World?

The big question remains: Can Gen Z entrepreneurs change the world? If the current trends continue, Gen Z’s pursuit of entrepreneurship could lead to tremendous growth and innovation. They have the potential to create disruptor-type companies that challenge traditional industries and bring fresh perspectives to long-standing problems.

However, business failure rates remain high with 50% of small businesses failing within five years according to the Small Business Administration, and not all ventures will succeed. Nevertheless, Gen Z’s ability to adapt, innovate, and leverage digital tools gives them a fighting chance.

Let’s look at the type of innovative ideas that are coming out of places like MIT, and how these startup success stories can influence the upcoming generation of entrepreneurs.

Innovation-based Startups

In my former role as the Executive Director of MIT’s Martin Trust Center for Entrepreneurship, I was very fortunate to work closely with some of the smartest young entrepreneurs in the world.

I saw firsthand how innovation-based startups can succeed with access to proven frameworks, mentorship, and resources that support building impactful ventures. By guiding students from ideation to execution, the center helps transform groundbreaking ideas into successful startups that can address significant global challenges.

Here are a few of the innovation-based startups that I personally worked with as they made their way through delta v – MIT’s capstone program for entrepreneurship.

  • Biobot Analytics analyzes sewage with molecular technologies and AI to provide early warning of population health threats across the globe.
  • Podimetrics develops medical technologies such as the SmartMat, which helps monitor foot health in diabetic patients to prevent complications like foot ulcers.
  • Ori has invented an entirely new type of apartment—one that radically improves the resident experience in smaller spaces by using sophisticated engineering and design.
  • Infinite Cooling’s mission is to develop the cooling tower of the future. They help industrial plants have safer, more reliable, and more sustainable cooling towers by optimizing thermal performance and eliminating cooling tower plumes.​
  • Bloomer Tech focuses on developing smart wearable technology specifically designed for women’s health, such as bras with embedded sensors to monitor heart health.

Innovation-based startups focus on solving significant global challenges through advanced technology and research. These startups prioritize creating groundbreaking solutions to complex problems in health, environment, and other critical fields.

In contrast, entrepreneurial ventures centered around influencers and content creators often revolve around personal branding and monetizing online presence through partnerships and merchandise sales. While both types of entrepreneurship involve creativity and a desire to succeed, innovation-based startups typically involve deep research and development, long-term planning, venture capital fundraising, and a focus on sustainable impact, whereas influencer ventures are often more focused on immediate audience engagement and revenue generation.

As we look to the future, one thing is clear: Generation Z is not content with the status quo. They are ready to take on the world. And, although not every entrepreneur can attend programs like those offered at MIT, I urge today’s generation of entrepreneurs to aim high. Use the resources you have – whether it is taking classes, reading books and articles, finding a mentor, or working with an entrepreneurship coach – and use this information to explore the difference you can make in the world.

From Dream to Reality: How Women Can Thrive as Entrepreneurs

Posted on by
Reply

International Women’s Day is an occasion to shine a spotlight on gender equity issues around the world. When women embrace entrepreneurship, they can expand opportunities to forge their own path and reap the economic rewards. If you’ve thought about starting your own business – even part-time or as a side hustle – there is a supportive community to help you explore this option.

The theme of this year’s International Women’s Day (#IWD2024) is to Inspire Inclusion (#InspireInclusion). As explained on the IWD site, when we inspire others to understand and value women’s inclusion, we help to build a better world. And when women themselves are inspired to be included, there’s a sense of belonging, relevance, and empowerment.

One of the ways organizations and groups can inspire inclusion is through action in building women’s economic empowerment. According to Equality Now, full and equal economic participation by women would increase global GDP by more than a quarter, representing nearly $28 trillion of additional shared wealth being contributed to the worldwide economy every year.

Women Entrepreneurs by the Numbers

Women entrepreneurs are a force to be reckoned with. Here’s an excellent list of recent statistics on women entrepreneurs compiled by Luisa Zhou, some of which I’ve highlighted below:

  • 42% of all U.S. businesses are owned by women
  • Women-owned businesses have grown 114% in the last two decades
  • Startups with all-women teams only received 1.9% of venture capital funding
  • About half of all startups in the U.S. are founded by women
  • One-third of businesses worldwide are owned by women
  • Lower-income countries have the highest participation (55.6%) of young female entrepreneurs

Interestingly, one in six women globally reported an intention to start a business in the near future. The highest entrepreneurial intention rates were observed in low-income countries, where approximately 28% of women expressed intentions to start a business. For these women, entrepreneurship is a way to change their life circumstances.

Why do Women Start their own Businesses?

Among all entrepreneurs, there are various reasons why someone decides to start their own business. At MIT, I worked with many women-led startups and the reasons are often connected to a passion or an experience in the founder’s life. Alicia Cong Rodriguez’ grandmother died of a heart attack when she was only 13 years old. This fueled her personal mission to co-found Bloomer Tech, a company that makes a bra that monitors women’s heart health, as she explains in this CBS News profile.

Yet, worldwide, more than 70% of women reported job scarcity as the motive behind their startups, according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Women’s Entrepreneurship report ‘22/’23. It is interesting to note the differences between necessity-based entrepreneurs and innovation-based entrepreneurs. Women and minority entrepreneurs are often necessity-based entrepreneurs – starting their own business after losing a job, to supplement their income, or to gain flexibility to attend to other demands in their lives. This doesn’t take anything away from their entrepreneurship. In fact, in addition to economic gain, necessity-based entrepreneurs are often motivated when traditional labor options are insufficient to meet their needs and goals.

How to Explore Entrepreneurship

If you’re considering becoming an entrepreneur, now might be the perfect time to explore opportunities – even for an entrepreneurial side hustle. You don’t necessarily have to leave your current job (and regular paycheck and benefits) just yet, but taking some time to delve into entrepreneurship can be immensely rewarding. Start by conducting research and testing the waters to gauge the viability of your business idea.

Fortunately, there are a wealth of resources available within the entrepreneurial community to support you, including networks specifically geared towards women in business. Look into organizations and programs designed to assist female entrepreneurs, such as Women’s Business Centers (part of the U.S. Small Business Administration). Additionally, take advantage of events and workshops hosted by colleges and universities, where you can connect with fellow entrepreneurs and gain valuable insights from experienced speakers.

Conferences serve as vibrant hubs for entrepreneurs to connect with like-minded individuals. When selecting a conference to attend, you could choose one that may be geared toward entrepreneurs, or it could be focused on the industry where you want to start your business. After attending an event, are you thinking, “I could do that!”? By immersing yourself in the conference environment and connecting with others who share your vision, you can enrich your entrepreneurial journey and expand your network of supportive peers and mentors.

LinkedIn is also an invaluable tool for entrepreneurs. Take advantage of its vast network to connect with other entrepreneurs in your industry. Don’t hesitate to reach out and request an informational interview. Use this opportunity to gain insights into an entrepreneur’s journey – ask about how they got started, the challenges they faced, and any advice they have for breaking into the field.

Resources for Women Entrepreneurs around the Globe

Download the ebook

One place to start researching entrepreneurial opportunities is with the ebook I created titled, “An Introduction to Start-up Accelerator Programs around the World,” a free guide for entrepreneurs who may be exploring ways to start their own businesses, especially in countries outside the U.S.

I’ve found that diversity, thought leadership, and collaboration all work together to make the ecosystem of entrepreneurs a much richer place. To that end, this ebook includes information about entrepreneurship around the world to show how different countries support their entrepreneurs with various programs and accelerators.

Boston-area Resources for Women Entrepreneurs

Closer to home, I’ve also included a list of local resources. Boston and Cambridge are renown for some of the world’s most prestigious universities and they support the Boston area’s unique entrepreneurial DNA for success. MIT even offers a free online course on Becoming an Entrepreneur.

Here are several resources and organizations in the Boston and Cambridge area. For other regional areas, search online to find local resources. 

The key message here is that you’re not alone on this journey – there are people and resources ready to support and guide you as you explore the world of entrepreneurship. So, take that first step, and embrace the possibilities that lie ahead!

In my current role as an entrepreneurship consultant and coach, I help entrepreneurs as they explore their options. Please feel free to reach out.

An Inside View: MIT’s Intense, Week-long Entrepreneurship Development Program

Posted on by
Reply
MIT beaver mascot

#MITEDP … IYKYK

OK, enough with the acronyms! But MIT’s Entrepreneurship Development Program (EDP) is one of those experiences that has that aura of “if you know, you know.”

It’s a week-long intensive entrepreneurship program run by MIT Sloan Executive Education, and this year MIT EDP included 76 participants representing 19 countries and 6 continents – and the individuals who attend become raving fans. This program is designed for aspiring entrepreneurs, corporate venture officers, startups, and those who would like to develop or strengthen a climate of entrepreneurship in their corporations, universities, and regions.

The entrepreneurial spirit runs high during the week. The days (and nights) are long as the teams of five to eight people create a tight bond while working together to create, identify, and evaluate new venture opportunities. Participants regularly describe MIT EDP as inspiring, enlightening, and even life changing. Here are a few comments posted on LinkedIn by this year’s attendees:

  • “An intense deep-dive into disciplined entrepreneurship and venture creation … Lots (!) of pivots, iterations and learnings from our primary market research led us to pitching a SaaS company focused on maximising athlete performance – not the idea we started with and far removed from my biotech day job, but I loved it! Lots of laughs along the way made for a great team spirit and an unforgettable experience. Now time to take the MIT mindset, energy and everything I’ve learned and apply it to mycoBiologics.”
    Fiona Rudkin, mycoBiologics Co-Founder and Managing Director
  • “I am honoured to return to MIT Sloan Executive Education alongside a cohort of ambitious entrepreneurs and founders on a mission to improve the world by accelerating high-growth businesses and creating high-skill jobs for the future.”
    Luis Ibarra, Founder & CEO at eCERTO

  • “When we arrived on day one, we were promised ‘the real thing.’ I nodded politely; it sounded an incredibly American thing to say. Having experienced it however, there’s something quite indescribable about being there … You talk about energy amplification, my Scottish friends will think I’ve gone all American on them, but I struggle to think of a better way of describing it.”
    Andrew Smith, Technical Director, distilling and cask management

  • “Let’s have an impact and solve the big world’s problems through entrepreneurship. Creativity is contagious! The world needs entrepreneurship!”
    David Desplaces, Director, VTLI at The Citadel

This year, my role at MIT EDP was as one of the judges, viewing the program from a different perspective than I have in the past. For three years, I was an instructor and facilitator for the Entrepreneurship Development Program, and it was always refreshing to work with seasoned professionals who are used to delivering results and can bring their life experiences to this program. (Here’s my post from 2020 which discusses some of the details of MIT EDP and its impact.)

My view as a judge was a bit different. Usually, I am involved in sausage making, this time, I was in a position to see how the finished sausage turned out. To take the analogy further, as a connoisseur versus a chef, I appreciated the outcomes of the continual learning process even more.

My perspective as an MIT EDP judge was framed by my own recent entrepreneurial experience. For the past year, I have been running a coaching business focused on energy leadership coaching. Although my prior experience includes navigating two startups through to IPOs, teaching Eship classes at MIT, and serving as director of delta v (MIT’s capstone program for entrepreneurship), applying the lessons of MIT EDP to your own business brings it all into sharp focus.

This time, I pressed a bit deeper to see how the teams thought about their businesses. If they were going to start with an idea, did they apply the key concepts of Disciplined Entrepreneurship to that idea? For example: Who are the first 10 beachhead customers you are going to target? Have you considered the burdened salaries of the team of engineers you are planning to hire? Does this technical solution deliver enough added value for customers over existing approaches to solve the problem?

In the course, the process of learning a concept, applying it, and reinforcing it through coaching is designed to simulate the experience of a startup company seeking funding. As participants are taught in the course, the judges want to understand the assumptions the groups made, and these teams were well prepared by the end of the week. A key concept that I use in energy coaching is “how you show up matters,” and these teams showed up with their best energy.

The final day of MIT EDP culminates in a competition that reflects the MIT “mens et manus” (mind and hand) approach to learning by providing both the theory and reinforcing it with the practical. Ideas in the competition ranged from Urgent Care AI to creating a plug for casks to monitor volume – the ideas were terrific, as was the demonstration in applying the concepts. A dozen teams competed with a 10-minute pitch and a 10-minute Q&A session in the first round. This was then narrowed down to four finalists. I’m not going to call out the winner here, because the stakes aren’t high, and I truly believe that winning is in learning and applying the process with a team you met less than a week before. (But, the lucky winners did get autographed galley copies of new entrepreneurship books from Paul Cheek and Bill Aulet.)

The MIT EDP program fosters entrepreneurial skills and an entrepreneurial mindset among participants, but the lessons apply across the board. Corporate leaders often need to be immersed in an experience where you are learning and applying new ideas in a team with people you just met. The EDP experience made me think of how this intense, immersive type of experience would be ideal for onboarding new employees, helping teams to gel faster, and accepting newer players and their ideas.

So, whether you had the opportunity to attend MIT EDP or not, I encourage you to take the plunge and be open to new experiences. Create a space where you can identify new opportunities, experience different ways to work, learn new skills, and embrace your passions.

If you’re an entrepreneur or corporate leader, and would like to learn more about how energy leadership coaching can help you to recognize your unique energy and harness it to lead more effectively, please reach out.

I hold coaching certifications from both iPEC and ICF.

The Second Lieutenant Advantage: Embracing Collaboration in Entrepreneurship

Posted on by
Reply

Not everyone aspires to be the leader. Some individuals find genuine fulfillment in supporting their teams — stepping into the limelight when necessary, and gracefully stepping back when it’s time for others to shine. In the fast-paced world of entrepreneurship, where the prevailing stereotype often emphasizes the leader persona, there is immense value in fostering a collaborative environment where everyone’s contributions are recognized.

The Happiness in the Shadows

For some, the limelight can be daunting. I, for one, appreciate having my moments but find satisfaction in letting others take center stage. It’s not about avoiding responsibility or lacking ambition; it’s about finding happiness, acceptance, and humility in being part of a team where everyone’s efforts contribute to the collective success.

When I watched the CBS News video, “Sidemen, Backups, and Understudies: Playing in the Shadows,” it really resonated with me. I encourage you to take a few minutes and watch it. The segment features Mark Rivera, Billy Joel’s sideman and saxophone player; retired baseball catcher Erik Kratz, who spent 11 seasons with 14 different major league organizations; and Kayla Pecchioni, a Broadway understudy who often steps into the shoes of the star. These professionals play in the background or are called up when the stars aren’t available — and they all embrace their position as #2.

These very accomplished individuals understand the importance of their role and talent and a humility that allows them to shine even when they’re not number one. One thing that stood out to me was their “team first” attitude. They work just as hard as the superstars to be the best that they can be for the team.

Rivera explains he’s been the frontman, and he feels he has a much better gig now. Katz comments that the lesson is about finding contentment built on a foundation of humility and gratitude. While Pecchioni talks about looking for glimmers and being appreciative of the everyday. While we may not know their names, these team players help ensure their organizations are successful.

The Desire to Belong

In today’s entrepreneurial landscape, people are increasingly seeking to be part of something bigger than themselves. While not everyone can, or wants to, assume a leadership role, we are more dependent than ever on individuals who can step up when needed. However, it’s crucial to do a better job of recognizing and appreciating these contributors beyond just the top leadership echelon.

Entrepreneur magazine advises how leaders can foster a sense of belonging in the workplace, and how this helps employees feel free to be their authentic, true selves, which makes it easier to show up, engage with others, create solutions, and perform well.

In a study cited in the article, a high sense of belonging among employees was strongly linked with a 56% increase in job performance, a 50% decrease in risk of leaving, and a 75% reduction in sick days. For a company of 10,000 people, this could mean annual savings of more than $52 million.

Social belonging is a fundamental need. Entrepreneurial leaders need to remind themselves that the hard-working team members who may be playing in the shadows need to feel included, and as leaders, they should proactively create a workplace of belonging for everyone.

Creating a Culture of Recognition

Not everyone can be a general; not everyone can be a second lieutenant. However, everyone can be recognized for their unique contributions. The key lies in acknowledging the diverse roles within a team and ensuring that each person’s efforts are valued.

When I worked as the executive director of MIT’s Martin Trust Center for Entrepreneurship, I was involved in almost every aspect of the Trust Center and the delta v accelerator, which is the capstone entrepreneurial experience for students at MIT. However, although I was not the face of theCenter or the program, I was the “glue” that held it together. For me, this was a role I preferred, and it gave me the opportunity to make the team and the delta v program shine.

I also played a similar “second lieutenant” role at startups that I helped to grow. I realized that providing direction and support, and letting others lead when necessary, yielded better results than anyone had projected.

Being “on” all the time can be exhausting for some of us. By surrounding ourselves with a collaborative team, we not only get to experience our moments of success but also share in the success of others. This sense of camaraderie builds a strong team spirit and reinforces the notion that everyone is supported. However, the leaders in the organization must recognize all the behind-the-scenes people that are essential to their success.

Balancing Ambition and Contentment to Gain a Sense of Fulfillment

Many individuals today seek better balance in their lives. It’s not a lack of ambition or a fear of challenges; rather, it’s a conscious choice to find happiness in what they do and contribute to a collaborative effort. Recognizing and motivating teams is now more critical than ever, especially in a hybrid work environment where face-to-face workplace connections are not as strong since daily interactions may be limited.

A sense of fulfillment at work goes beyond a mere paycheck. It’s about having the opportunity to step into the limelight, share achievements with the team, and then step back and continue contributing. A culture of mutual respect, where individuals rotate in and out of the spotlight, fosters a positive and supportive work environment.

Another interesting perspective is to look at how different generations view leadership and management positions. According to an article in Business Insider, many Gen Zers are saying “no thanks” to promotions because they feel that doing more work to get promoted is not worth the pay or the accompanying stress.

Work-life balance has become a bigger part of the conversation for this newest generation in the workforce, and bosses need to think about what other incentives might entice Gen Z (born from 1997 onward). Meaningful work, career development, mentorship, transparency, caring leadership, and an entrepreneurial culture are all factors that may motivate Gen Zers more than a bigger paycheck or a promotion.

In any generation, embracing the concept of allowing oneself to learn from others is pivotal. Observing and enabling the growth of team members allows for collective progress. It’s about moving away from the notion that everyone should constantly be climbing the corporate ladder and, instead, recognizing the potential for growth within the existing environment.

Conclusion

In the ever-evolving landscape of entrepreneurship, it’s time to break free from the misconception that success is synonymous with leadership. The strength of being a second lieutenant lies in recognizing the power of collaboration, appreciating diverse contributions, and fostering a culture where everyone can shine. In the hybrid world of work, where connections are not as visible, creating an environment that values every individual’s role is not just a strategic move; it’s a necessity for sustained success.

Taking a Well-Deserved Break … and What I’ve Learned

Posted on by
Reply

Recently, I left my job at MIT, and I don’t have another job. As the Executive Director of the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship, my days (and many nights) were filled with activity – working with students, teaching, and shaping entrepreneurship education programs. All that has stopped, and I’ve taken time to be still, breathe, take stock, and think.

This time of reflection is providing me a much clearer view of what is possible—and realizing the big picture is even bigger than I thought. Quitting your job is not for everyone (and I am very fortunate that I’m in a position where I could do that), however, taking time to make room for other activities is something I highly recommend to everyone. Creating space to see that there are other opportunities, different ways to work, new skills to learn, and passions to embrace is enlightening. (My new passion is tennis! Who knew?)

I have had three acts thus far in my career. I held roles from engineer to executive in tech companies. Then, as an entrepreneur, I navigated two startups through to IPOs, and my third act was a career in academia teaching entrepreneurship in the classroom and through hands-on programs. Each transition had its moments where I said, “What did I get myself into?!” Yet, digging in and being open to learning proved to be rewarding in every case. I’ve had great rides with successful companies, enjoyed relationships with diverse and interesting colleagues, and embarked on learning experiences I could never have imagined. I have traveled the world, thrived in new environments, and have seen colleagues soar and cheered on their success. I’ve learned so much about people and how they think, work, celebrate, and come back from setbacks. It makes you realize that the people you work with truly can make or break any job experience.

As someone with many, varied job experiences, I’ve realized that experience is double-edged sword. On the one hand, you know how to do things, and perhaps you have even forgotten what others have not yet learned. However, experience also can leave you in a lane you know too well and prevent you from taking the risk of trying—and potentially failing—at new skills. When you are starting fresh, you know there will be new risks, new failures, and new experiences.

I am extremely fortunate to have enjoyed every job I’ve had, but I do realize my enjoyment of work is dependent on my own attitude and approach. Approaching each new role as a learning experience helps you get over the hurdles and enjoy the successes. I’ve worked with folks who had deep expertise but lacked some of the skills I have, and we ended up being a terrific team. I am fortunate to have friends from my very first job and from my most recent job, and I make a concerted effort to keep in touch with these people. My network—and talent tree—is something that was built organically with people I enjoy, and it makes a career so rewarding.

In my research findings for my doctorate, it wasn’t a real surprise that matching new graduates with seasoned employees in data analytics roles was a recipe for success. The veterans could contextualize situations for the students based on experience, and the recent graduates would apply that context to achieve a much more robust analysis. Later, my work at MIT included building mentorship programs and creating networking relationships between students, alumni, and startup founders. When I was no longer running these programs, I realized I needed to apply my networking and mentorship skills to myself as well.

Although I am a certified professional coach, it’s true that even coaches need a coach. If you want to do something different and are unsure about how to get there, working with a coach is a perfect way to figure out these decisions. I needed a coach to look at why I was working so hard; although I enjoyed the work and the people, it didn’t feel like it was enough for me at the time. My coach helped me realign my values and aspirations—something that had not been done for quite some time.

I have always been curious, optimistic, and a contributor, but I needed more balance, less commuting (yes, I still commuted through most of the pandemic!), and a good challenge to be passionate about. The first two were difficult to manage in my last job, but there was no lack of challenge, in fact, there were actually too many challenges! I spread myself so thin because I wanted to do everything and for everyone—and this led to an erosion in my passion for my job.

So, as I take time to reflect, I’m betting on myself and focusing on balance. Just creating the space to reflect has let me think about of all sorts of exciting things I can do next, both professionally and personally. I am enthusiastic about the future and approaching new challenges with the renewed energy that taking a break has given me. I hope my story inspires you to give yourself some space to think, reflect and renew!

MIT Study: Entrepreneurship Education delivers Value beyond Startups

Posted on by
Reply

At MIT, the delta v accelerator is our capstone entrepreneurial experience for students. As educators, we always want to know what students gained from our programs and how it helped them in their post-MIT life. We recently interviewed delta v alumni to understand how their entrepreneurship education has had an impact on their life, and we wanted to share the findings.   

We reached out to over 400 delta v alums from 2012-2019 with 60 responses.

87% Consider Entrepreneurial Skills a Core Competency

Slightly more than four out of five survey respondents currently consider themselves entrepreneurs. However, the vast majority of alumni (87%) view entrepreneurial skills as a core competency by 87% of respondents – rather than just a means to start their own business. These people may be creating their own ventures now, but they may transition throughout their careers between entrepreneurship and other roles. It’s important that these entrepreneurial skills will support them in either situation.

Respondents consider who consider entrepreneurship a core competency credit both the MIT program as well as the importance of hands-on experience to develop their entrepreneurial skillset. Many also noted they view entrepreneurship as a set of skills that must be honed through practice.

Entrepreneurship is Seen as an Important Part of People’s Identity

Many alumni view entrepreneurship as a way to solve important problems and pursue their visions. Entrepreneurship is the lens through which they approach these challenges and visions, with 62% of respondents reporting that an entrepreneurial outlook is an important part of their identity.

However, a select few respondents see entrepreneurship as a strict occupation, and not a core part of their identity. Others described themselves as entrepreneurs within their specific field or company, for example, an “entrepreneurial scientist.”

92% Say MIT Entrepreneurship Classes Support their Current Role

The classwork that delta v alumni participated in has proven to be on target. A full 92% of respondents either strongly agreed or agreed that what they learned in MIT entrepreneurship classes supports their current role, even if they are not an entrepreneur today.

Specifically, delta v alumni said the skills learned in the classroom help them in the following situations:

  • It gave me a playbook when I have to do things I have not done before.
  • I use what I learned at MIT every single day, in working with my team, financial planning/strategy, product development and management, and making sure I am looking at the right problems, in various different ways.
  • I focus a lot on management – and classes in particular help understand people and teams.
  • I need to assess new technologies according to their business promise and their technical risks.
  • I can more effectively voice my concerns and disagreements.
  • I can think about problems from a variety of different angles – rather than just technically.
  • The classwork provided a structured approach to innovation.  
  • The presentation skills and network taught in delta v are still used to this day.

Entrepreneurial Skills are Marketable

Respondents feel that the entrepreneurial skills they learned while at MIT are marketable with 79% strongly agreeing or agreeing with that statement. They feel that:

  • The skills are an asset in their current role (86%)
  • The skills will be an asset in their future roles (68%)
  • The skills will help them in landing a future job (37%)

Some of the general entrepreneurial skills respondents bring to the table include customer identification/market research, Identifying competitive positioning and use cases, product design, business modeling, and scaling a business.

MIT’s entrepreneurship courses benefit participants by providing frameworks, structure, and discipline to their ideas. It also gave them opportunities to test out ideas and take risks, iterating those ideas in a supportive and knowledge-based environment. Many respondents mentioned the supportive delta v ecosystem and cohort, providing mentors in the entrepreneurship community and a network that gave the entrepreneurs confidence.

One of the delta v alumni sums it up nicely, saying:

“delta v gives people the opportunity to create transformational value in society. It gives young people the tools and skills they need to make that happen. The future rests on the next wave of entrepreneurs to bring about that change and growth.”

Capturing the Promise of AI

Posted on by
Reply

robots-764951_960_720Capturing the promise of artificial intelligence (AI) will require that companies understand that their current software support infrastructure is inadequate. Right now – to the extent that AI exists in organizations – it exists in small models in distinct units.  These models are being created using unique data sets, targeted toward particular outcomes.  However, taking AI to scale and putting it in operationally critical places will require a more robust approach organizationally and therein lies the management challenge.

For example, today if you shop on Amazon, the company’s AI models will give you three related items to purchase – the risk of their being wrong is small to both the organization and the individual consumer.  However, when you are running or building gas pipelines or chemical manufacturing plants, the risks and dangers become much more significant if AI models in those places are wrong.

As we move AI models from small department level models to models that predict and decide in a way that removes important manual work (automating), we change the requirements of the model. Models will need to be more real-time, consistently accurate and available. In short, they will need to act like large-scale enterprise resource software commonly known as tier one software.

The challenge for most organizations and their senior leadership will be scaling up from small, bespoke department models to enterprise-wide models. If companies just take all the small models at the department level and put them into production across the business, you could end up with multiple models doing similar things.  Also, because models are, in essence, small pieces of software, without a strategy, you end up with a lot of custom software that needs to be supported and maintained.  If this software is automating core business decision areas, this becomes a serious problem.

Furthermore, models are like software on steroids –not only do you need to know that if you ping it, you will get a response, you need to decide whether you should use the response that you get. However, that ability to know whether you should trust the response lies in details of the data. For example, is it the same as the data the model was built on?

Finally, unlike software, for a model to be really good at solving a specific problem, it may have limited generalizability.  As a result, there will be strategic decisions and tradeoffs to be made about how when and where to train the model to solve a specific problem exactly and where to generalize and maybe lose some accuracy.

For that reason, the long-term care and feeding of the models themselves will be critical.  This represents a new and significant management challenge as senior executives struggle with the new technology.

Like other revolutionary technology advancements in the enterprise, the business value will only be realized if companies look beyond the technology, to the integration, maintenance and quality process required to scale business impact. Teams will need to develop tools and standards and adhere to appropriate testing and integration processes and develop governance structures that oversee these disciplines. In other words, the use of AI will need to become another well-managed business procedure as it matures in order to have impact enterprise-wide.

 

 

 

 

 

Necessity vs. Innovation-Based Entrepreneurs

Posted on by
Reply

This article originally appeared in Xconomy.

What makes someone an entrepreneur? Most simply defined, an entrepreneur is a person who identifies a need and starts a business to fill that void. But others will argue that a “true” entrepreneur must come up with an innovative new product or service and then operates their business to sell and profit from that innovation.

Under the broader definition are those people who become entrepreneurs out of necessity – starting their own business after losing a job, to supplement their income, or to gain the flexibility to attend to other demands in their lives.

Take Joanne, for example. Joanne started her holistic health business about eight years ago. Although she doesn’t necessarily consider herself an entrepreneur, the necessity of a family member’s health situation created both a challenge and an opportunity that shifted her path of employment. As a graduate of Boston University with a degree in math, and Syracuse with an MBA, Joanne had been working as a technical engagement director managing large-scale database development projects.

However, she was also managing the special needs of a son at home with learning differences. She was hit with a layoff from her job about the same time that her son required more services. She was doing tons of research to help him in any way possible, including alternatives to mainstream treatment, and she started an unpaid e-mail service to friends and family sharing what she learned. The response was tremendous – several people told her that she had changed their lives and she should make a career out of it. She decided to take the plunge, pursued further education, and then started JBS Holistic Nutrition where she offers health coaching and healing alternatives. The nature of her business allows her to be flexible. She is currently working part-time, which enables her to manage the needs of her family and help take care of an ailing parent. She sees her business as an opportunity to help people change their lives for the better.

Joanne is someone I’d consider a necessity-based entrepreneur. Often, necessity is financially based, but pursuing a passion and work-life balance issues also play into necessity.

One of the first references to “necessity entrepreneurship” was in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) report in 2001. This third annual GEM assessment researched entrepreneurship in 29 countries. Respondents were asked to indicate whether they were starting and growing their business to take advantage of a unique market opportunity (opportunity entrepreneurship) or because it was the best option available (necessity entrepreneurship). At the time, the average opportunity entrepreneurship prevalence rate across the 29 GEM countries was about 6.5 percent, while the average for necessity entrepreneurship was 2.5 percent.

Interestingly, GEM’s most recent report for 2017-2018 looks at entrepreneurship through a few more complex lenses, but it states that most entrepreneurs around the world are opportunity-motivated. On average, three-quarters of global respondents stated that they had chosen to pursue an opportunity as a basis for their entrepreneurial motivations, with 83 percent of entrepreneurs in North America falling into this category. Women were more likely to start businesses out of necessity, compared to men, in all regions except in North America.

My guess is that necessity-based entrepreneurs may be somewhat under-represented in these numbers as they may not self-identify as entrepreneurs. Necessity-based entrepreneurs also may be less likely to respond to this type of survey.

Some of the early research on the topic discusses a push-pull analogy. “Push” (or necessity-based) entrepreneurs are those who may be faced with a job loss, dissatisfaction with their current positions, or lack of career opportunities. For these reasons – unrelated to their entrepreneurial characteristics – they are pushed to start a venture. “Pull” (or opportunity-based) entrepreneurs are those who initiate venture activity because of the attractiveness of the business idea and its personal implications. They may seek independence, increased earnings, and opportunities to carry out their own ideas.

A study out of Stanford on Opportunity versus Necessity Entrepreneurship explores the common and seemingly paradoxical finding that business creation increases in recessions. It looks at two distinct motivations, “opportunity” entrepreneurship and “necessity” entrepreneurship (with the simple definition of a necessity entrepreneur as initially unemployed before starting their business). The research found that opportunity entrepreneurship is generally pro-cyclical and necessity entrepreneurship is strongly counter-cyclical – that is, recessions drive necessity-based entrepreneurs to start their own businesses. Opportunity entrepreneurship was also found to be associated with more growth-oriented businesses.

I believe there are many profiles of the necessity-based entrepreneur, and it’s a segment of entrepreneurship that deserves more attention. Not every entrepreneur is the genius superstar with a new technology. Some forms of entrepreneurship are a bit humbler.

An example of this are gig economy entrepreneurs. These “gigs” are often short-term contracts or freelance work as opposed to (or in addition to) permanent jobs – think Uber and TaskRabbit. Although this is an emerging form of entrepreneurship, is it a positive experience for the entrepreneur (and the economy)? Or, is it a necessary side hustle some people need to survive?

Women and minority entrepreneurs are often necessity-based entrepreneurs. The startup rate for businesses created by both women and minorities exceeds the overall rate for new startups. The Minority 2018 Small Business Trends survey by Guidant Financial surveyed 2,600 business owners and aspiring entrepreneurs, and found that 45 percent of small business in the country were owned by minority ethnic groups and 26 percent were owned by women in 2018. What is driving these business owners, and are we measuring their contributions effectively?

While economic gain is certainly one component of necessity-based entrepreneurship, a broader definition includes entrepreneurs who are motivated by their belief that the traditional labor options available are insufficient to meet their non-economic needs and goals as well.

At MIT, we foster entrepreneurship through programs like our delta v student venture accelerator where our students are out to change the world with their innovations. But, entrepreneurship has many forms and there is no one right model or best way to measure success. Necessity-based entrepreneurs are shaping their own success in a way that works and should be included in the broader study of entrepreneurs.

This article was published in Xconomy on November 26, 2018.

Giving Thanks for the Essence of Entrepreneurship

Posted on by
Reply

Recently, I spent time in Zurich, Munich and Milan meeting with MIT alumni, in the hopes of gaining philanthropic support for the programs run by the Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship. As I talked with our alumni in these cities, it made me think of the Entrepreneurial Philanthropy practice put forward by lifelong entrepreneur and philanthropist, Naveen Jain. His promise is that philanthropy is at its best when it is founded on entrepreneurial zest and agility.

Naveen Jain states in a Huffington Post article, “True philanthropy requires a disruptive mindset, innovative thinking, and philosophy driven by entrepreneurial insights and creative opportunities. To disrupt the status quo, drive philanthropy at tremendous scale, and develop long-term economic vitality through giving, we must apply the same models for success in our philanthropic endeavors as we do in business.” I could not agree more.

MIT students are fortunate because they are encouraged to work on problems, projects, and ventures that will positively impact the world. During their journey, they are provided support through tailored classes, mentorship, access to Makerspaces, extracurricular programming, and competitions that offer opportunities for the application of learning and assessments. MIT alumni play a significant role in student support whether it is through mentoring, episodic coaching, programmatic support, introductions, or financial support.

Martin trust centerThe Martin Trust Center for MIT Entrepreneurship continuously finds new ways to encourage, advise, and champion aspiring entrepreneurs as they take new ventures from idea to reality. The Center’s goals are high, as are its needs; it provides the most innovative opportunities for learning and expands MIT’s global entrepreneurship ecosystem, but it depends on the support of philanthropic partners.

However, as I visited these cities, I had to ask myself – how do you raise funds to sustain entrepreneurship programs in a global environment that does not embrace it as a serious area of study, or in cultures where education is not necessarily the place you would direct your philanthropic funds, or where risk is not rewarded? Although entrepreneurship is part of our culture of innovation here in the States, it is viewed through a different lens in different cultures, as I learned in the Nordics earlier this year.

MIT alums think broadly. The people with whom I spoke on this trip are thinking about how to attract talent, innovate companies, inspire creativity – and they want out-of-the-box ideas for their communities. We had some spirited debates during our discussions as to the benefits of entrepreneurship to their particular ecosystems. The most common misconception was that entrepreneurship is about embracing repeated failure. However, I would argue that at the Trust Center, we try to mentor and guide students so that they are not repeating the failure of others. Our measure of success is that the student learns the skills to start their own businesses and that they self-identify as entrepreneurs. This lets them take risks while they’re here – ahead of the VC stage.

When I started in business out of college, it was a different time. Companies like Honeywell, IBM, HP, etc. all had training programs that cross-trained new graduates. That experience is not as prevalent today, and startups are a great way to get hands-on experience across multiple disciplines. As my expertise moved from engineering to manufacturing to service to sales operations to logistics to senior leadership etc. there mitsealwere always a willing set of mentors who helped me at critical points – for this, I am very thankful. At MIT, we teach a Disciplined Entrepreneurship approach – an approach I have seen work in practice. We have over 60 courses that provide the MIT “mens et manus” approach of mind and hand. Like my apprentice programs years ago, MIT offers hands-on programming to help students understand what working in a new business venture is like and teaches skills of finance, legal, marketing, sales, etc. with industry experience in biotech, healthcare, energy, fin-tech, and other industries.

For many of the alumni, these programs did not exist when they were at MIT. However, in speaking with them, they are confident in the educational and hands-on experiences that are available now to MIT students. Several alums said they would love to go back and be a student now. (Wouldn’t we all!?) Although the world is a different place now than even five years ago, the Trust Center keeps abreast of these changes as evidenced by the success of our MIT delta v teams. Our students are the pulse of change in the world.

Supporting an institution like MIT – and centers such as the Martin Trust Center that provide entrepreneurial programming – creates a workforce that has cross-disciplinary experience.

Demand for delta v has grown, while our budget has not increased for the program. We need funds to support these deserving student teams. As our success becomes public, so does the demand for our product, and increased resources enable us to teach others to become entrepreneurs wherever they are located. We cannot do it without a community and the philanthropy that will plant the seeds, so our students can positively impact the world.

 

How the MIT Ecosystem is Supporting Entrepreneurs

Posted on by
Reply

0044_8788 copyAnother MIT delta v Demo Day is in the books! Our 2018 cohort was the biggest yet, with 25 teams presenting, and for the first time, we had a program in New York City in addition to our Cambridge team.

With all our preparation for Demo Day and the excitement of the day itself, sometimes it’s tough to step back and look at the big picture – but, it’s important. In this case, the big picture is the MIT ecosystem for entrepreneurs, and how it works to support our startups.

As our Managing Director Bill Aulet said in his introductory presentation, the mission of MIT is that we DO things, and that’s what this is all about. We are driven to bring knowledge to bear on the world’s great challenges. Our entrepreneurship program at delta v is about trying to solve some of these great challenges – and we do it by creating an environment and an ecosystem where these entrepreneurs can thrive and flourish.

An Inspiring Environment for Diverse Ideas

Delta v is the most inspiring environment I can think of for an entrepreneur. There’s an energy here that propels each of our teams forward. For 90 days, the delta v teams eat, sleep, and breathe their companies. They are guided through a process that makes them really think through the realities of starting an actual business. It’s not just chasing a cool idea – the fundamentals and bedrock of the business must be in place, including a solid business plan, working collaboratively with a board of directors, and testing their concepts with customers. The mentors, Entrepreneurs-in-Residence, our board of directors and the customer community are all part of the ecosystem.

This year, I was really impressed by the diverse industries in which the students worked. We had students with business ideas in crypto-currency, social, agriculture, mental health, financial, construction. And despite these wildly different spaces, the students still managed to find common ground and problem solve together. Three big themes stood out this year:

  • Inclusion – such as financial and societal inclusion
  • Human isolation – people are more connected today, but there is a lack of real relationships
  • Machine learning & AI – technologies with strong MIT foundations

A Strong Entrepreneurial Community

At delta v, we realize that a startup is only as strong as its community. So, we really focused on building more support systems for our students. We brought back delta v alums, like our keynote Spyce, a 2015 delta v alum who just closed on a $21 million series A round. We did consistent one-on-one counseling with founders and hosted outside advisors and speakers to provide novel perspectives for our students. In addition, this area provides an unparalleled innovation ecosystem access. The MIT campus and Kendall Square area is the densest innovation cluster in the world, with its concentration of startups, high-tech companies, and venture capital firms. This enriches the lives of our student entrepreneurs and expands the ecosystem where our they can grow and learn.

Personal Development as Leaders

A lot of this summer was about personal development for our entrepreneurs. I never worry about these students when it comes to technology. But it takes intentional entrepreneurship education – through many different teaching methods and technologies – to help create leaders that can rise to the challenge of starting a business. That’s something we hope to continue to grow at delta v in the coming years. Because really, anyone can raise money for their startup. But it takes better leaders and teams to know how to use that money and tech knowledge more effectively to continue generating revenue and try to solve some of the world’s great challenges.

If you want to get the full experience (and have 3+ hours), watch the video of the entire Boston Demo Day 2018 program:

To learn a little about each of the teams and view the startup videos (about 5 minutes each).

Also, see what BostInno and the MIT Sloan Newsroom have to say about Demo Day 2018!